How does aging typically affect the immune response?

As individuals age, their immune systems undergo a variety of changes that contribute to a diminished immune response. The correct choice highlights that aging typically leads to a less effective immune response, which in turn increases susceptibility to infections and diseases.

Specifically, with age, there is often a decline in the production and function of immune cells, such as T cells and B cells. This reduction can lead to a slower or less robust reaction to pathogens, reducing the body’s ability to fend off infections. Seniors are also more likely to have chronic health conditions that can further compromise their immune systems.

In addition, the process known as immunosenescence affects the system's ability to adapt to new infections or respond optimally to vaccines, underscoring the importance of tailored healthcare interventions, including regular vaccinations. While vaccines can help bolster the immune response in older adults, the inherent aging process still poses significant challenges, making the third statement the most accurate in reflecting the general impact of aging on immunity.